Discussion of current climate change issues in discussions focused on climate change post-2012 arrangements, in particular the commitment of developed countries to reducing emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) as a follow-up to the Kyoto Protocol's first commitment period. One cause of protracted negotiations is partly due to the reluctance of developed countries to commit to reduce its national GHG emissions without the participation of developing countries and a discussion of the difficulties of funding and technological support from developed countries to developing countries.
COP-13 meeting in 2007, in Bali has produced a breakthrough in the discussion of climate change issues through (i) the Bali Action Plan (BAP) and the Bali Roadmap, and (ii) Operationalization of the Adaptation Fund. In terms of process, discussion of BAP agreed with the Ad-hoc Working Group on Long-term Cooperative Action (AWG-LCA) will be completed at COP-15, Copenhagen.
COP-16/CMP-6 meeting in Cancun, Mexico, 29 November to 10 December 2010 successfully agree on Cancun Agreements, which are expected to drive the achievement of legally binding outcomes in COP-17/CMP-7 in 2011. In essence, Cancun Agreements generated driven party, but by pursuing the achievement of a compromise position between the Parties (balanced package).
Cancun Agreements is a collection of 25 decisions that had agreed upon, both in terms of COP and CMP-16-6, with 2 (two) main documents, namely:
a. Decision 1/CP.16, contains the text of the negotiations as a result of a compromise of the AWG-LCA, which contains the building blocks BAP, namely shared vision, adaptation, mitigation, financing, technology development and transfer and capacity building.
b. Decision 1/CMP.6 extend the mandate of the AWG-KP to continue the discussion of the second commitment period of Kyoto Protocol, taking into account the progress that has generated discussion at the Cancun meeting. This decision also noted the commitment (pledge) economy-wide emission reduction targets of Annex 1 parties and mandated an increase in the level of ambition of the countries concerned. This decision indicates the emission trading and project-based flexibility mechanisms must remain available, along with the implementation of activities related to land use, land use change forestry (LULUCF) in efforts to reduce GHG emissions at the global level.
Although the outcome of Cancun has not comprehensively reflect the main preamble preamble-developed countries, but the deal is expected to be a stepping stone in pursuing the achievement of legally binding instrument on COP-17/CMP-7 in Durban.
Indonesia will always prioritize the importance of creating a new climate change regime post-2012 which will reflect the mandate of the Bali Roadmap and Bali Action Plan (BAP) which includes the issue of mitigation, adaptation, technology transfer, funding and shared vision.
On many occasions both formal and informal meetings, Indonesia has consistently expressed the importance of the completion of the mandate of the BAP and stressed the importance of achieving legally binding outcome on climate change talks. Indonesia also continues to encourage the countries involved in negotiations to consider the results of a realistic and acceptable to all parties, to promote flexibility in the position of each country
Appreciation of the international community to Indonesia in order to encourage an active role in the progress of climate change talks also reflected in the invitation to the Norwegian Prime Minister to the President jointly chaired the meeting Oslo Climate and Forest Conference on 26-27 May 2010. The meeting is an implementation of the commitments that have been included in the CA to encourage early implementation of REDD + funding as the realization of sustainable forest management. Oslo Climate and Forest Conference to launch the partnership momentum Interim REDD + Partnership Arrangement, which in addition is expected to coordinate follow-up action and the initial funding for the conservation of forests effectively and efficiently, as well as to support the negotiation process concerning the issue of REDD in the UNFCCC. This initiative will in time be replaced by the UNFCCC, including REDD + mechanism as a result of the negotiation process.
Looking ahead, Indonesia is expected to continue to be consistent with an active and constructive role by encouraging the states to become more flexible in seeking a compromise, with no sacrifice of national interests, particularly the interests of developing countries. It is important to encourage the success of achieving legally binding outcome, as mandated by the BAP.
Indonesia also saw significant marine and coastal ecosystems are sustained as a component that will increase resilience to climate change. Therefore, marine and coastal management approach is critical in supporting the resistance in the context of adaptation to climate change impacts on the ocean. In the framework of adaptation, necessary exchange of experiences and best practices as well as increased vulnerability assessment of marine and coastal impacts of climate change to facilitate the implementation of adaptation actions.
Discussion of the issue of climate change has also entered a new phase as the search for a "breakthrough" new out of the negotiations within the framework of the UNFCCC for example through MEFEC (Major Economies Forum on Energy and Climate), the OECD Ministerial Meeting and the G-20 forum. Forum G-8 and MEFEC a forum "informal" in the discussion of climate change issues in a more extensive and realistic given the composition MEFEC involving "key actors" in the constellation of political and economic.
COP-13 meeting in 2007, in Bali has produced a breakthrough in the discussion of climate change issues through (i) the Bali Action Plan (BAP) and the Bali Roadmap, and (ii) Operationalization of the Adaptation Fund. In terms of process, discussion of BAP agreed with the Ad-hoc Working Group on Long-term Cooperative Action (AWG-LCA) will be completed at COP-15, Copenhagen.
COP-16/CMP-6 meeting in Cancun, Mexico, 29 November to 10 December 2010 successfully agree on Cancun Agreements, which are expected to drive the achievement of legally binding outcomes in COP-17/CMP-7 in 2011. In essence, Cancun Agreements generated driven party, but by pursuing the achievement of a compromise position between the Parties (balanced package).
Cancun Agreements is a collection of 25 decisions that had agreed upon, both in terms of COP and CMP-16-6, with 2 (two) main documents, namely:
a. Decision 1/CP.16, contains the text of the negotiations as a result of a compromise of the AWG-LCA, which contains the building blocks BAP, namely shared vision, adaptation, mitigation, financing, technology development and transfer and capacity building.
b. Decision 1/CMP.6 extend the mandate of the AWG-KP to continue the discussion of the second commitment period of Kyoto Protocol, taking into account the progress that has generated discussion at the Cancun meeting. This decision also noted the commitment (pledge) economy-wide emission reduction targets of Annex 1 parties and mandated an increase in the level of ambition of the countries concerned. This decision indicates the emission trading and project-based flexibility mechanisms must remain available, along with the implementation of activities related to land use, land use change forestry (LULUCF) in efforts to reduce GHG emissions at the global level.
Although the outcome of Cancun has not comprehensively reflect the main preamble preamble-developed countries, but the deal is expected to be a stepping stone in pursuing the achievement of legally binding instrument on COP-17/CMP-7 in Durban.
Indonesia will always prioritize the importance of creating a new climate change regime post-2012 which will reflect the mandate of the Bali Roadmap and Bali Action Plan (BAP) which includes the issue of mitigation, adaptation, technology transfer, funding and shared vision.
On many occasions both formal and informal meetings, Indonesia has consistently expressed the importance of the completion of the mandate of the BAP and stressed the importance of achieving legally binding outcome on climate change talks. Indonesia also continues to encourage the countries involved in negotiations to consider the results of a realistic and acceptable to all parties, to promote flexibility in the position of each country
Appreciation of the international community to Indonesia in order to encourage an active role in the progress of climate change talks also reflected in the invitation to the Norwegian Prime Minister to the President jointly chaired the meeting Oslo Climate and Forest Conference on 26-27 May 2010. The meeting is an implementation of the commitments that have been included in the CA to encourage early implementation of REDD + funding as the realization of sustainable forest management. Oslo Climate and Forest Conference to launch the partnership momentum Interim REDD + Partnership Arrangement, which in addition is expected to coordinate follow-up action and the initial funding for the conservation of forests effectively and efficiently, as well as to support the negotiation process concerning the issue of REDD in the UNFCCC. This initiative will in time be replaced by the UNFCCC, including REDD + mechanism as a result of the negotiation process.
Looking ahead, Indonesia is expected to continue to be consistent with an active and constructive role by encouraging the states to become more flexible in seeking a compromise, with no sacrifice of national interests, particularly the interests of developing countries. It is important to encourage the success of achieving legally binding outcome, as mandated by the BAP.
Indonesia also saw significant marine and coastal ecosystems are sustained as a component that will increase resilience to climate change. Therefore, marine and coastal management approach is critical in supporting the resistance in the context of adaptation to climate change impacts on the ocean. In the framework of adaptation, necessary exchange of experiences and best practices as well as increased vulnerability assessment of marine and coastal impacts of climate change to facilitate the implementation of adaptation actions.
Discussion of the issue of climate change has also entered a new phase as the search for a "breakthrough" new out of the negotiations within the framework of the UNFCCC for example through MEFEC (Major Economies Forum on Energy and Climate), the OECD Ministerial Meeting and the G-20 forum. Forum G-8 and MEFEC a forum "informal" in the discussion of climate change issues in a more extensive and realistic given the composition MEFEC involving "key actors" in the constellation of political and economic.
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